Most of our air pollution problems are caused by humans and by the machines and chemicals we use. Nature can also play a part in polluting the air. Bushfires, volcanic eruptions and dust storms are just some of the environmental issues that can wreak havoc on air quality, causing breathing difficulty, reduced visibility, service disruption such as to flight schedules and damage to plant and animal life.
There are many ways that individuals, communities, urban planners, industry and governments can directly and indirectly reduce air pollution, such as minimising motor vehicle use and the burning of fossil fuels.
Air pollution is a killer, but where does it come from? Where does air pollution come from? Air pollution often brings to mind a hazy cityscape or smoke billowing out of factories, but pollutants in our air exist in a range of environments and often go unseen.
Specific industrial sectors with greenhouse gas mitigation potential include cement manufacturing, metal production, refineries, pulp and paper mills, and chemical manufacturing [ 68 ]. Combustion efficiency of combustion systems depends on the factors such as type of combustion system, fuel, burner and air fuel ratio for combustion. Significant amount of air pollutants depending on nature of fuel enter into the environment. World health organization WHO has provided six listed air pollutants known as classic air pollutants [ 4 ].
If coal is used as a fuel, fly ash, sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen are the major pollutant. Combustion of coal produces particulate air pollution whereas in case of oil, sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen are major pollutants emitted to the atmosphere.
Similarly, three major air pollutants, particulate matter fly ash and soot sulfur oxides SO 2 and SO 3 and oxides of nitrogen NO and NO 2 emitted from power station. In one of our research work different textile units were examined for stack emissions from boilers and generators.
Table 1 illustrates the results of emissions from boilers. Most of the industries were in compliance of national quality standards of Pakistan, i. HS-Tex was exceeding the limit of standards for CO emission. Similarly, Table 2 represents the gaseous emission of diesel generators. A massive amount of gaseous emissions are produced from generators along with heating which affect the climatic condition at the large scale [ 4 ].
Gaseous emissions of boilers of textile industries operating with different fuels [ 70 ]. Gaseous emissions diesel generators operation in different industries [ 70 ]. Quality of life air in cities is getting worse as the industrialization, population, energy use and traffic increase. Some air pollutants in larger amount crossing WHO standards, mainly in cities of industrialized countries permitting meaningful statistical trends to air pollutants.
The complexity of air pollutants, particularly related to the health impacts in cities, has improved indicators to analyze the accessible monitoring data sufficient for decision making and reporting. Our assessment illustrates that the economic costs of the environmental clash proceeding from sources of combustion in industries tested is potentially excessive.
Regarding to the living quality it will be serious concern if no additional control measures were implemented in future. For industrial air pollution there is an immediate need to improve the evaluation and monitoring systems. In cities where strategic planning is not-existing or weak, to improve the quality of air there should be an implementation of environmental management system.
Authors are highly thankful to the IntechOpen publishing organization for open invitation to publish a chapter regarding the serious concern of the human atmosphere.
Moreover, our especial thanks to Sara Debeuc, who sincerely coordinated to accomplish this chapter. Authors are obliged to Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Pakistan, for providing support of facilities for completing this manuscript.
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Built by scientists, for scientists. Our readership spans scientists, professors, researchers, librarians, and students, as well as business professionals. Downloaded: Abstract Air of cities especially in the developing parts of the world is turning into a serious environmental interest.
Keywords environmental pollution industrial emission global warming. Introduction A unique chemical wrapping that promotes life on glob and support numerous activities often referred to as air. Table 1. Table 2. More Print chapter. How to cite and reference Link to this chapter Copy to clipboard. Available from:. Over 21, IntechOpen readers like this topic Help us write another book on this subject and reach those readers Suggest a book topic Books open for submissions.
More statistics for editors and authors Login to your personal dashboard for more detailed statistics on your publications. Access personal reporting. Factories and other industrial installations have caused such pollution since the dawn of the industrial age by burning fuels, carrying out chemical processes and releasing dust and other particulates.
Air pollution can be controlled through the installation of filters and scrubbers to clean exhaust fumes from factory processes, and by taking steps to minimize the generation of pollution at the source.
Factories need an energy source to power their production processes. In the United States, this has been electricity generated by fossil fuel burning, in particular coal. Air pollutants emitted by coal-fired power plants include nitrogen and sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride gases, and arsenic, lead and other metals.
Power generation for factories may cause greater air pollution than the factory processes. Natural gas is the least polluting fossil fuel for power generation.
It emits nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide on burning but in far lower quantities than coal. Metals provide machine components, vehicles, instruments and infrastructure in factories. Home Earth Environment.
April 14, Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere if half of global-warming emissions are not absorbed. Human activity is a major cause of air pollution, much of which results from industrial processes. Credit: cherwell. The Chiwaukum Fire in Washington State in Emissions by vehicles are a major cause of anthropogenic air pollution. Credit: ucsusa. Provided by Universe Today. Citation : What causes air pollution? This document is subject to copyright.
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